针刺联合艾灸对慢性盆腔炎患者炎性反应指标及中医症候积分的影响

目的:探究针刺联合艾灸对气滞血瘀型慢性盆腔炎性患者炎性反应指标及中医症候积分的影响。方法:选取2017年3月至2019年3月安徽中医药大学第二附属医院收治的气滞血瘀型慢性盆腔炎性患者60例作为研究对象,将其按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。2组患者均行常规抗炎治疗,对照组在此基础上加用针刺治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用艾灸治疗,对比治疗前后2组白细胞计数、中医证候积分及不良反应情况。结果:观察组的临床治疗有效率明显优于对照组(P<0.05);分组治疗后观察组中医症候积分均明显低于对照组及治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后观察组RBC明显低于对照组和治疗前(P<0.05);治疗期间观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:针刺联合艾灸可显著提高慢性盆腔炎性的治疗效果,改善患者中医证候、减轻炎性反应,且治疗安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

Helicobacter pylori infection,chronic atrophic gastritis and risk of stomach and esophagus cancer: Results from the prospective population-based ESTHER cohort study

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is considered as principal cause of gastric cancer. It is further associated with a reduced risk of esophageal adenocarcinomas. In a large prospective population-based cohort study including 9,949 subjects with average observation time of 13.8 years, we assessed the risk of invasive gastric and esophageal cancer according to H. pylori infection and presence of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HR) derived by Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for relevant confounders were derived by seroprevalence of H. pylori and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) antibodies and presence of CAG based on serological markers at baseline, respectively. During follow-up, 30 cases of noncardia gastric cancer and 33 cases of esophageal cancer were observed. Infection by H. pylori without and with expression of CagA was associated with a 5.2-fold (95% confidence interval 1.00–27.1) and an 18.2-fold (4.3–77.4) increase of noncardia gastric cancer incidence. A 0.65-fold decreased risk of esophageal adenocarcinomas (HR 0.35, 0.12–0.97) was observed among H. pylori-infected individuals. In participants infected with CagA expressed H. pylori, the presence of mild/moderate and severe CAG was associated with a 6.4-fold (1.3–31.0) and an 11.8-fold (3.1–45.4) increase of gastric cancer incidence, respectively. The results of this prospective population-based cohort study may contribute relevant evidence to the ongoing research of H. pylori-related cancers. The results may furthermore enhance the empirical basis for risk stratification among H. pylori-infected people and for recommendations regarding H. pylori screening and treatment among older adults in a Western population.     

Chronic wound assessment: Cultural and linguistic adaptation for European Portuguese of RESVECH-2 scale

IntroductionIn order to assess and to follow up the evolution of chronic wounds, it is advisable to apply measurement scales. This procedure allows clinicians to verify the appropriateness of their activities and whether the healing process is evolving as expected.AimTo conduct a cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric analysis of Portuguese version of RESVECH 2.0.MethodsA quantitative and correlational study was designed and, to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of RESVECH 2.0, we followed the classic sequential approach for linguistic equivalence to European Portuguese. The study occurred at a Portuguese oncology hospital and the sample encompassed 281 patients with multiple chronic wounds.ResultsRESVECH 2.0 is a practical measurement instrument, easy to use, and well accepted by nurses to know all kinds of wounds’ etiologies. The reliability test revealed an acceptable internal consistency and high proportion of agreement between two raters assessing the same patient.Construct validity was considered average/good and the principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation obtained six factors corresponding to 59.5% of explained variance.When comparing the domains from RESVECH 2.0 with those from BWAT we found statistically significant correlations.ConclusionThe adapted version of RESVECH 2.0 scale presents a good internal consistency and is valid for the Portuguese language and culture, being useful and effective in clinical practice.     

慢性应激诱导DPP-4表达及对脂肪炎症和代谢的影响

目的　分析慢性应激诱导脂肪二肽基肽酶-4（DPP-4）表达及对脂肪炎症和糖代谢的影响。 方法　雄性SPF级小鼠20只随机分慢性应激（Stress）组和正常对照（Control）组。Stress组小鼠每天在自制式束缚器中限制活动2 h，实验持续14 d。采用免疫组化方法检测巨噬细胞表面标志物（CD11b）在脂肪中的表达，实时定量PCR法检测脂肪组织中DPP-4、细胞因子（Adiponectin、MCP-1、IL-6、TNF-α）及糖代谢（IRS-1、GLUT-4）等指标的mRNA的相对表达量；ELISA法检测DPP-4酶活性及GLP-1浓度。 结果　Stress小鼠腹部白色脂肪组织（WAT）与Control组相比显著的退缩及其重量显著降低（P<0.001）。Stress组WAT出现大量的单核细胞、中性粒细胞浸润反应和炎症性改变；Stress显著降低Adiponectin的表达，并显著增高MCP-1、IL-6、TNF-α的mRNA表达及其血液中的浓度（P<0.001）；Stress组WAT组织中DPP-4 mRNA表达及其血液中的活性显著增高，而GLP-1血液中的浓度显著降低（P<0.001）；Stress组WAT组织中IRS-1及GLUT-4的mRNA水平显著低于Control组（P<0.001）。 结论　慢性应激诱导脂肪DPP-4异常表达，进而引起脂肪炎症和糖代谢异常等反应。     

Burden of Cirrhosis and Other Chronic Liver Diseases Caused by Specific Etiologies in China, 1990-2016:Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Objective To estimate the burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases caused by specific etiologies in China.Methods Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016(GBD 2016) were used. We evaluated the burden by analyzing age-sex-province-specific prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted lifeyears(DALYs) of 33 provinces in China.Results From 1990 to 2016, prevalence cases in thousands increased by 73.7% from 6833.3(95% UI:6498.0–7180.6) to 11869.6(95% UI: 11274.6–12504.7). Age-standardized mortality and DALY rates per100,000 decreased by 51.2% and 53.3%, respectively. Male and elderly people(aged ≥ 60 years)preponderance were found for prevalence, mortality, and DALYs. The number of prevalence cases,deaths, and DALYs due to hepatitis C virus(HCV) increased by 86.6%, 8.7%, and 0.9%, respectively. Also,age-standardized prevalence rates decreased in 31 provinces, but increased in Yunnan and Shandong.The Socio-demographic Index(SDI) values were negatively correlated with age-standardized mortality and DALY rates by provinces in 2016; the correlation coefficients were-0.817 and-0.828, respectively.Conclusion Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases remain a huge health burden in China, with the increase of population and the aging of population. Hepatitis B virus(HBV) remains the leading cause of the health burden in China.     

The Relationship between Self-Efficacy,Functional Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity in People with COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of the relationships between self-efficacy and (i) functional exercise capacity and (ii) physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether self-efficacy assessment type (i.e., COPD symptoms, exercise-task, exercise-barrier, general, falls) and physical activity assessment type (i.e., self-report vs. objective) are moderators. A systematic search of COPD and self-efficacy concepts was conducted using eight databases from inception to 23 January 2019. Studies were included if they provided correlation coefficients of the relationship between self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity or physical activity, were conducted in adults diagnosed with COPD, and were published in English-language journals. A total of 14 correlation coefficients were included in the self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity meta-analysis, and 16 in the self-efficacy and physical activity meta-analysis. Data were screened, reviewed, and extracted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Stronger self-efficacy was associated with better functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.38, 95%CI [0.25, 0.50]), and greater physical activity (weighted r?=?0.25, 95%CI [0.17, 0.34]). Exercise-task self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.64, 95% CI [0.51, 0.73]). For physical activity, the type of self-efficacy most strongly related was inconclusive. In COPD, self-efficacy has a relationship to functional exercise capacity and physical activity, the strength of which is influenced by the choice of self-efficacy measure. An understanding of these relationships will assist clinicians in selecting the self-efficacy measure most closely related to the outcome of interest.